Aptitude - Profit and Loss
21.
By selling 33 m of cloth Ramesh gained the cost price of 11 m. The gain percent is :
Answer
Let the C.P. be Rs. 1 per m.
(S.P. of 33 m) − (C.P. of 33 m) = gain = C.P. of 11 m
⇒ S.P. of 33 m = C.P. of 44 m
C.P. of 33 m = Rs. 33
S.P. of 33 m = C.P. of 44 m = Rs. 44
Gain = Rs. (44 − 33) = Rs. 11
∴ Gain % =
1133 x 100 
% = 33.33%
Answer :
Option DExplanation :
Let the C.P. be Rs. 1 per m.
(S.P. of 33 m) − (C.P. of 33 m) = gain = C.P. of 11 m
⇒ S.P. of 33 m = C.P. of 44 m
C.P. of 33 m = Rs. 33
S.P. of 33 m = C.P. of 44 m = Rs. 44
Gain = Rs. (44 − 33) = Rs. 11
∴ Gain % =
1133 x 100 % = 33.33% 22.
On selling an article at Rs. 1060, the gain is 20% more than the loss incurred on selling it at Rs. 950. In order to gain 20%, the selling price will be :
Answer
Let C.P. be Rs. x. Then,
120100(x − 950) = (1060 − x) ⇒ 6(x − 950) = 5(1060 − x)
⇒ 11x = (5300 + 5700) = 11000 ⇒ x = 1000
∴ C.P. = Rs. 1000
Desired S.P. = 1000 x 120100 = Rs. 1200
Answer :
Option CExplanation :
Let C.P. be Rs. x. Then,
120100(x − 950) = (1060 − x) ⇒ 6(x − 950) = 5(1060 − x)
⇒ 11x = (5300 + 5700) = 11000 ⇒ x = 1000
∴ C.P. = Rs. 1000
Desired S.P. =
1000 x 120100 = Rs. 1200 23.
By selling a tape-recorder for Rs. 950, I lose 5%. What percent shall I gain by selling it for Rs. 1040 ?
Answer
S.P. = Rs. 950, Loss = 5%
∴ C.P. = Rs. 10095 x 950 = Rs. 1000, New S.P. = Rs. 1040
Gain % = 401000 x 100 % = 4%
Answer :
Option AExplanation :
S.P. = Rs. 950, Loss = 5%
∴ C.P. = Rs.
10095 x 950 = Rs. 1000, New S.P. = Rs. 1040Gain % =
401000 x 100 % = 4% 24.
The marked price of an article is Rs. 200. A discount of 12.5% is allowed on the marked price and a profit of 25% is made. The cost price of the article is :
Answer
M.P. = Rs. 200, Discount = Rs. 12.5100 x 200 = Rs. 25
∴ S.P. = Rs. (200 − 25) = Rs. 175
Let the C.P. be Rs. x. Then,
125100 x x = 175 ⇒ x = 175 x 100125 = 140
∴ C.P. = Rs. 140
Answer :
Option BExplanation :
M.P. = Rs. 200, Discount = Rs.
12.5100 x 200 = Rs. 25∴ S.P. = Rs. (200 − 25) = Rs. 175
Let the C.P. be Rs. x. Then,
125100 x x = 175 ⇒ x =
175 x 100125 = 140∴ C.P. = Rs. 140
25.
A shopkeeper gives two successive discounts on an article marked Rs. 450. The first discount given is 10%, if the customer pays Rs. 344.25 for the article, the second discount given is :
Answer
Let the second discount be x%. Then, 90% of (100 − x)% of Rs. 450 = Rs. 344.25
⇒ 90100 x (100 − x)100 x 450 = 344.25 ⇒ 405(100 − x) = 34425
⇒ 100 − x = 34425405 = 85 ⇒ = (100 − 85) = 15%
∴ Second discount = 15%
Answer :
Option DExplanation :
Let the second discount be x%. Then, 90% of (100 − x)% of Rs. 450 = Rs. 344.25
⇒ 90100 x (100 − x)100 x 450 = 344.25 ⇒ 405(100 − x) = 34425
⇒ 100 − x = 34425405 = 85 ⇒ = (100 − 85) = 15%
∴ Second discount = 15%
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